{"id":18844,"date":"2021-12-22T04:58:43","date_gmt":"2021-12-22T03:58:43","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blog.wenzlaff.de\/?p=18844"},"modified":"2023-08-20T14:55:20","modified_gmt":"2023-08-20T12:55:20","slug":"ethereum-light-node-mit-geth-far-rim-auf-debian-bullseye-raspberry-pi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/blog.wenzlaff.de\/?p=18844","title":{"rendered":"Ethereum Light Node mit Geth Far Rim in go auf Debian Bullseye Raspberry Pi"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ein Node ist ein Computer, der Teil des Ethereum-Netzwerkes ist. Dieser speichert entweder eine unvollst\u00e4ndige (Light Client<\/strong>, (Downloads all block headers, block data, and verifies some randomly)) oder vollst\u00e4ndige (Full Node<\/strong> ( Downloads all blocks (including headers, transactions, and receipts) and generates the state of the blockchain incrementally by executing every block)) Kopie der Blockchain und schreibt diese permanent fort. <\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Da ich noch einen alten Raspberry Pi 2 B+ liegen hatte, habe ich da mal einen Light Node drauf installiert. Das geht mit dem Proof-of-Work Client Geth<\/a> der f\u00fcr alle (viele) Betriebssystem vorliegt. … <\/p>\n\n

Vorbedingung<\/h1>\n

Es muss die aktuelle Raspberry Pi OS Lite (32-Bit) Version Bullseye vom 30.10.2021 installiert sein.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Es wird nur ein SSH Zugang ben\u00f6tigt, da wir ohne GUI arbeiten. Die SD-Karte muss auch nicht gro\u00df sein, und man braucht keine<\/strong> SSD bzw. Festplatte da der Light Node bisher nur ca. 400 MB ben\u00f6tigt. Eine 16 oder 32GB Karte reicht also. Hier das aktuelle Verzeichnis mit Gr\u00f6\u00dfenangaben:
\n\"\"<\/p>\n

Geth installieren<\/h1>\n

Zuerst wollen wir Geth installieren. Dazu m\u00fcssen wir uns auf der Downloadseite<\/a> die f\u00fcr unseren Pi Passende Version raus suchen. <\/p>\n

\"\"Da ich ein arm6 Raspberry Pi 2 B+ verwende, kann ich die Linux stable release Version Geth 1.10.13<\/strong> verwenden.<\/p>\n

\r\n\r\n# Temp. Verzeichnis anlegen und dahin wechseln\r\nmkdir geth\r\ncd geth\r\n# Version muss zum Pi passen, hier die arm6 Version\r\nwget https:\/\/gethstore.blob.core.windows.net\/builds\/geth-linux-arm6-1.10.13-7a0c19f8.tar.gz\r\n\r\n# (optional) dann die Signatur runterladen\r\nhttps:\/\/gethstore.blob.core.windows.net\/builds\/geth-linux-arm6-1.10.13-7a0c19f8.tar.gz.asc\r\n\r\n# (optional) die MD5 Checksumme muss 4b8408b0fe924568cc8f2476fbd7ab2a sein, also\r\nmd5sum geth-linux-arm6-1.10.13-7a0c19f8.tar.gz\r\n# Ergebnis\r\n# 4b8408b0fe924568cc8f2476fbd7ab2a  geth-linux-arm6-1.10.13-7a0c19f8.tar.gz\r\n# Also Signatur ok\r\n\r\n# auspacken des Programm Archives\r\nsudo tar -xf  geth-linux-arm6-1.10.13-7a0c19f8.tar.gz\r\n\r\n# ins das ausgepackte Verzeichnis wechseln und nach \/usr\/local\/bin verschieben\r\ncd geth-linux-arm6-1.10.13-7a0c19f8\/\r\nsudo mv geth \/usr\/local\/bin\/\t\r\n\r\n# temp Geth Verzeichnis wieder l\u00f6schen, Ordnung muss sein\r\ncd ..\r\ncd..\r\nsudo rm -rf geth\/\r\n\r\n# Checken ob Geth l\u00e4uft mit der Versionsausgabe\r\ngeth version\r\n\r\n# Ausgabe:\r\n# Geth\r\n# Version: 1.10.13-stable\r\n# Git Commit: 7a0c19f813e285516f4b525305fd73b625d2dec8\r\n# Git Commit Date: 20211124\r\n# Architecture: arm\r\n# Go Version: go1.17.2\r\n# Operating System: linux\r\n# GOPATH=\r\n# GOROOT=go\r\n\r\n# Also Geth l\u00e4uft schon mal\r\n<\/pre>\n
Blockchain anlegen<\/h1>\n
(Optional) Um eine private Blockchain zu erzeugen, muss erst eine Datei mit dem sog. Genesis-Block angelegt werden.<\/p>\n
\r\n\r\n# ein leers neues Verzeichnis f\u00fcr die Blockchain anlegen\r\nmkdir blockchain\r\ncd blockchain\/\r\n\r\n# die Genesis Block Datei anlegen\r\ntouch genesis.json\r\n<\/pre>\n
Dann in der genesis.json<\/strong> Datei den folgenden Inhalt einf\u00fcgen:<\/p>\n
{\r\n  \"coinbase\"   : \"0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000001\",\r\n  \"difficulty\" : \"0x20000\",\r\n  \"extraData\"  : \"\",\r\n  \"gasLimit\"   : \"0x8000000000\",\r\n  \"nonce\"      : \"0x0000000000000042\",\r\n  \"mixhash\"    : \"0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000\",\r\n  \"parentHash\" : \"0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000\",\r\n  \"timestamp\"  : \"0x00\",\r\n  \"alloc\": {},\r\n  \"config\": {\r\n        \"chainId\": 1337,\r\n        \"homesteadBlock\": 0,\r\n        \"eip155Block\": 0,\r\n        \"eip158Block\": 0,\r\n        \"EIP150Block\":0,\r\n        \"ByzantiumBlock\":0\r\n    }\r\n}<\/pre>\n
Optional evl. noch die chainId<\/strong> anpassen, wenn nicht die default Chain Id verwenden werden soll:
\n1\tEthereum mainnet
\n2\tMorden (disused), Expanse mainnet
\n3\tRopsten
\n4\tRinkeby
\n5\tGoerli
\n42\tKovan
\n1337\tGeth private chains (default)<\/p>\n
Init Blockchain<\/h2>\n
(Optional) Nun einmalig ein init<\/strong> der Blockchain mit der genesis.json aufrufen, wenn eine eigene private Blockchain verwendet werden soll.<\/p>\n
\r\n\r\nsudo geth --datadir blockchain init genesis.json\r\n\r\n# Ergebnis:\r\nINFO [12-20|16:18:11.310] Maximum peer count                       ETH=50 LES=0 total=50\r\nINFO [12-20|16:18:11.321] Smartcard socket not found, disabling    err=\"stat \/run\/pcscd\/pcscd.comm: no such file or directory\"\r\nWARN [12-20|16:18:11.371] Sanitizing cache to Go's GC limits       provided=1024 updated=143\r\nINFO [12-20|16:18:11.392] Set global gas cap                       cap=50,000,000\r\nINFO [12-20|16:18:11.402] Allocated cache and file handles         database=\/home\/pi\/blockchain\/blockchain\/geth\/chaindata cache=16.00MiB handles=16\r\nINFO [12-20|16:18:11.552] Writing custom genesis block\r\nINFO [12-20|16:18:11.576] Persisted trie from memory database      nodes=0 size=0.00B time=\"97.999\u00b5s\" gcnodes=0 gcsize=0.00B gctime=0s livenodes=1 livesize=0.00B\r\nINFO [12-20|16:18:11.593] Successfully wrote genesis state         database=chaindata hash=0a92c2..fea866\r\nINFO [12-20|16:18:11.596] Allocated cache and file handles         database=\/home\/pi\/blockchain\/blockchain\/geth\/lightchaindata cache=16.00MiB handles=16\r\nINFO [12-20|16:18:11.702] Writing custom genesis block\r\nINFO [12-20|16:18:11.716] Persisted trie from memory database      nodes=0 size=0.00B time=\"74.999\u00b5s\" gcnodes=0 gcsize=0.00B gctime=0s livenodes=1 livesize=0.00B\r\nINFO [12-20|16:18:11.746] Successfully wrote genesis state         database=lightchaindata hash=0a92c2..fea866\r\n\r\n<\/pre>\n
Sync. bzw. starten der Blockchain<\/h2>\n
Nun kommen wir zum starten der Blockchain.<\/p>\n
\r\n\r\ngeth --syncmode light --cache 64 --maxpeers 12 --http\r\n\r\n#Ergebnis:\r\nINFO [12-20|16:19:37.265] Starting Geth on Ethereum mainnet...\r\nINFO [12-20|16:19:37.478] Maximum peer count                       ETH=0 LES=10 total=12\r\nINFO [12-20|16:19:37.486] Smartcard socket not found, disabling    err=\"stat \/run\/pcscd\/pcscd.comm: no such file or directory\"\r\nINFO [12-20|16:19:37.533] Set global gas cap                       cap=50,000,000\r\nINFO [12-20|16:19:37.540] Allocated cache and file handles         database=\/home\/pi\/.ethereum\/geth\/lightchaindata cache=32.00MiB handles=524,288\r\nINFO [12-20|16:19:37.662] Allocated cache and file handles         database=\/home\/pi\/.ethereum\/geth\/les.client     cache=16.00MiB handles=16\r\nINFO [12-20|16:19:37.784] Writing default main-net genesis block\r\nINFO [12-20|16:19:50.987] Persisted trie from memory database      nodes=12356 size=1.78MiB time=2.264896332s gcnodes=0 gcsize=0.00B gctime=0s livenodes=1 livesize=0.00B\r\nINFO [12-20|16:19:51.020] Initialised chain configuration          config=\"{ChainID: 1 Homestead: 1150000 DAO: 1920000 DAOSupport: true EIP150: 2463000 EIP155: 2675000 EIP158: 2675000 Byzantium: 4370000 Constantinople: 7280000 Petersburg: 7280000 Istanbul: 9069000, Muir Glacier: 9200000, Berlin: 12244000, London: 12965000, Arrow Glacier: 13773000, Engine: ethash}\"\r\nINFO [12-20|16:19:51.025] Disk storage enabled for ethash caches   dir=\/home\/pi\/.ethereum\/geth\/ethash count=3\r\nINFO [12-20|16:19:51.030] Disk storage enabled for ethash DAGs     dir=\/home\/pi\/.ethash               count=2\r\nINFO [12-20|16:19:51.065] Added trusted checkpoint                 block=13,565,951 hash=8aa8e6..200083\r\nINFO [12-20|16:19:51.070] Loaded most recent local header          number=0 hash=d4e567..cb8fa3 td=17,179,869,184 age=52y8mo3w\r\nINFO [12-20|16:19:51.087] Configured checkpoint oracle             address=0x9a90...a98A02a signers=5 threshold=2\r\nINFO [12-20|16:19:51.091] Gasprice oracle is ignoring threshold set threshold=2\r\nWARN [12-20|16:19:51.117] Error reading unclean shutdown markers   error=\"leveldb: not found\"\r\nINFO [12-20|16:19:51.122] Starting peer-to-peer node               instance=Geth\/v1.10.13-stable-7a0c19f8\/linux-arm\/go1.17.2\r\nINFO [12-20|16:19:51.302] New local node record                    seq=1,640,017,191,208 id=6a2a408a5c716b15 ip=127.0.0.1 udp=30303 tcp=30303\r\nINFO [12-20|16:19:51.333] Started P2P networking                   self=enode:\/\/298272ca03f84de2de...8f000a75@127.0.0.1:30303\r\nINFO [12-20|16:19:51.415] IPC endpoint opened                      url=\/home\/pi\/.ethereum\/geth.ipc\r\nINFO [12-20|16:19:51.445] HTTP server started                      endpoint=127.0.0.1:8545 prefix= cors= vhosts=localhost\r\nWARN [12-20|16:19:51.448] Light client mode is an experimental feature\r\nINFO [12-20|16:19:54.686] New local node record                    seq=1,640,017,191,209 id=6a2a408a5c716b15 ip=0.0.0.0 udp=30303 tcp=30303\r\nINFO [12-20|16:19:55.820] Updated latest header based on CHT       number=13,565,951 hash=8aa8e6..200083 age=1mo1w6d\r\nINFO [12-20|16:19:55.836] Block synchronisation started\r\n\r\n# Stunden sp\u00e4ter ....\r\nINFO [12-20|16:20:06.143] Generating ethash verification cache     epoch=452 percentage=0 elapsed=3.027s\r\nINFO [12-20|16:20:09.148] Generating ethash verification cache     epoch=452 percentage=1 elapsed=6.032s\r\nINFO [12-20|16:20:12.154] Generating ethash verification cache     epoch=452 percentage=1 elapsed=9.038s\r\n\r\n# Stunden sp\u00e4ter ...\r\nINFO [12-21|18:32:46.593] Imported new block headers               count=1    elapsed=81.250ms   number=13,850,153 hash=0a41de..d84dd5\r\nINFO [12-21|18:32:50.414] Imported new block headers               count=1    elapsed=70.416ms   number=13,850,154 hash=f130bc..2a2415\r\nINFO [12-21|18:32:51.563] Imported new block headers               count=1    elapsed=80.005ms   number=13,850,155 hash=80588e..3ca1a3\r\nINFO [12-21|18:33:25.990] Imported new block headers               count=1    elapsed=71.651ms   number=13,850,156 hash=57d47b..8e9337\r\nINFO [12-21|18:33:58.762] Imported new block headers               count=1    elapsed=99.271ms   number=13,850,157 hash=d5caca..41bf83\r\nINFO [12-21|18:34:27.913] Imported new block headers               count=1    elapsed=120.756ms  number=13,850,158 hash=97766f..bbe4ee\r\nINFO [12-21|18:34:28.028] Imported new block headers               count=1    elapsed=70.466ms   number=13,850,158 hash=cce663..ed5d5a\r\nINFO [12-21|18:34:56.643] Imported new block headers               count=1    elapsed=94.895ms   number=13,850,159 hash=e293df..49c6e1\r\nINFO [12-21|18:35:01.013] Imported new block headers               count=1    elapsed=80.581ms   number=13,850,160 hash=54037c..26a435\r\nINFO [12-21|18:35:35.279] Imported new block headers               count=1    elapsed=71.896ms   number=13,850,161 hash=b06821..2d4991\r\n...\r\n# wenn solche Zeilen ... Imported new block headers ... kommen und ist alles Syncronisiert. Die Blocknummer ist dann die aktuelle..\r\n<\/pre>\n
Welcher Block gerade aktuell ist, kann auf diesem Eth. Block Explorer<\/a> angezeigt werden. Bei mir ist es gerade die Blocknummer 13850173.<\/p>\n
Leistungsverbrauch<\/h1>\n
Das war es schon, wir haben einen Eth. ligth Node am laufen, der wenn er syncronisiert ist, auch nicht viel Leistung braucht:<\/p>\n
\"\"
\nW\u00e4hrend der init, wird aber schon die 100 % verbraucht, wie dieses HTOP Bild zeigt:\"\"<\/p>\n
JavaScript Konsole<\/h1>\n
W\u00e4hrend der Node l\u00e4uft, kann eine andere Konsole ge\u00f6ffnet werden. Dort starten wir nun die JavaScript Konsole.<\/p>\n
\r\ngeth attach\r\n\r\n# Ergebnis\r\nWelcome to the Geth JavaScript console!\r\n\r\ninstance: Geth\/v1.10.13-stable-7a0c19f8\/linux-arm\/go1.17.2\r\nat block: 13573247 (Mon Nov 08 2021 02:46:29 GMT+0000 (GMT))\r\n datadir: \/home\/pi\/.ethereum\r\n modules: admin:1.0 debug:1.0 eth:1.0 ethash:1.0 les:1.0 net:1.0 personal:1.0 rpc:1.0 txpool:1.0 vflux:1.0 web3:1.0\r\n\r\nTo exit, press ctrl-d or type exit\r\n<\/pre>\n
1. Check<\/h2>\n
Erster Check, eingabe in der Konsole:<\/p>\n
\r\neth<\/pre>\n
Das Ergebnis:<\/p>\n
Ergebnis:\r\n{\r\n  accounts: [],\r\n  blockNumber: 13573247,\r\n  coinbase: undefined,\r\n  compile: {\r\n    lll: function(),\r\n    serpent: function(),\r\n    solidity: function()\r\n  },\r\n  defaultAccount: undefined,\r\n  defaultBlock: \"latest\",\r\n  gasPrice: 135237891817,\r\n  hashrate: 0,\r\n  maxPriorityFeePerGas: 1500000000,\r\n  mining: false,\r\n  pendingTransactions: [],\r\n  protocolVersion: undefined,\r\n  syncing: {\r\n    currentBlock: 13573247,\r\n    highestBlock: 13843082,\r\n    knownStates: 0,\r\n    pulledStates: 0,\r\n    startingBlock: 13565951\r\n  },\r\n  call: function(),\r\n  chainId: function(),\r\n  contract: function(abi),\r\n  createAccessList: function(),\r\n  estimateGas: function(),\r\n  feeHistory: function(),\r\n  fillTransaction: function(),\r\n  filter: function(options, callback, filterCreationErrorCallback),\r\n  getAccounts: function(callback),\r\n  getBalance: function(),\r\n  getBlock: function(),\r\n  getBlockByHash: function(),\r\n  getBlockByNumber: function(),\r\n  getBlockNumber: function(callback),\r\n  getBlockTransactionCount: function(),\r\n  getBlockUncleCount: function(),\r\n  getCode: function(),\r\n  getCoinbase: function(callback),\r\n  getCompilers: function(),\r\n  getGasPrice: function(callback),\r\n  getHashrate: function(callback),\r\n  getHeaderByHash: function(),\r\n  getHeaderByNumber: function(),\r\n  getMaxPriorityFeePerGas: function(callback),\r\n  getMining: function(callback),\r\n  getPendingTransactions: function(callback),\r\n  getProof: function(),\r\n  getProtocolVersion: function(callback),\r\n  getRawTransaction: function(),\r\n  getRawTransactionFromBlock: function(),\r\n  getStorageAt: function(),\r\n  getSyncing: function(callback),\r\n  getTransaction: function(),\r\n  getTransactionCount: function(),\r\n  getTransactionFromBlock: function(),\r\n  getTransactionReceipt: function(),\r\n  getUncle: function(),\r\n  getWork: function(),\r\n  iban: function(iban),\r\n  icapNamereg: function(),\r\n  isSyncing: function(callback),\r\n  namereg: function(),\r\n  resend: function(),\r\n  sendIBANTransaction: function bound transfer(),\r\n  sendRawTransaction: function(),\r\n  sendTransaction: function(),\r\n  sign: function(),\r\n  signTransaction: function(),\r\n  submitTransaction: function(),\r\n  submitWork: function()\r\n}\r\n<\/pre>\n
Blocknummer ausgeben<\/h2>\n
Oder nur die Block Nummer ausgeben<\/p>\n
eth.blockNumber\r\n\r\n# Ergebnis:\r\n13575295\r\n<\/pre>\n
Verbundene Peers anzeigen<\/h2>\n
Die Verbundene Peers k\u00f6nnen mit<\/p>\n
admin.peers<\/pre>\n
angezeigt werden. Z.b. hier gek\u00fcrzt<\/p>\n
[{\r\n    caps: [\"eth\/66\", \"les\/2\", \"les\/3\", \"les\/4\", \"snap\/1\"],\r\n    enode: \"enode:\/\/a3029e6127eea6...5d1e654d1e28a33edf378@147.135.70.51:30303\",\r\n    enr: \"enr:-Km4QN2sYhX2sX3ak...UD6bzXXoWbcJLSV7S2xN4HRdmY7VpuIIEk3x6GAX3Hte6Cg2V0aMfGhCDDJ_yAgmlkgnY0gmlwhJOHRjODbGVzwQGJc2VjcDI1NmsxoQKjAp5hJ-6m1Fc3u0U0yphteEcSMJfrjFwjiN7ggmBr2YRzbmFwwIN0Y3CCdl-DdWRwgnZf\",\r\n    id: \"1374cc9...d\",\r\n    name: \"Geth\/v1.10.13-stable-7a0c19f8\/linux-amd64\/go1.17.2\",\r\n    network: {\r\n      inbound: false,\r\n      localAddress: \"x.x.x.x:yyyyy\",\r\n      remoteAddress: \"x.x.x.x.x:yyyyy\",\r\n      static: false,\r\n      trusted: false\r\n    },\r\n    protocols: {\r\n      les: {\r\n        difficulty: 3.71107474645782e+22,\r\n        head: \"5e9af3c42c7...d61ed1c89440d\",\r\n        version: 4\r\n      }\r\n    }\r\n}, {\r\n    caps: [\"eth\/66\", \"les\/2\", \"les\/3\", \"les\/4\", \"snap\/1\"],\r\n    enode: \"enode:\/\/476746a703baa...c30ca4d26c78f18ef234@93.75.22.22:30303\",\r\n    enr: \"enr:-Km4QHQbM..,DxMlkACK23b44rJD9JamSiUnsv6V52waHPLLP9yGAXxzguEPg2V0aMfGhCDDJ_yAgmlkgnY0gmlwhF1LFhaDbGVzwQGJc2VjcDI1NmsxoQJHZ0anA7quYaKBIFy-IDaaDn2XK1JlPddf2N7FU4K0EYRzbmFwwIN0Y3CCdl-DdWRwgnZf\",\r\n    id: \"d30e4b..a68d1\",\r\n    name: \"Geth\/v1.10.13-stable-7a0c19f8\/linux-amd64\/go1.17.2\",\r\n    network: {\r\n      inbound: false,\r\n      localAddress: \"x.x.x.x:YYYYY\",\r\n      remoteAddress: \"x.x.x.x.:30303\",\r\n      static: false,\r\n      trusted: false\r\n    },\r\n    protocols: {\r\n      les: {\r\n        difficulty: 3.71107474645782e+22,\r\n        head: \"5e9af3c42c732ca85a238051c4...61ed1c89440d\",\r\n        version: 4\r\n      }\r\n    }\r\n}]<\/pre>\n
Kontostand einer echten Eth. Adresse ausgeben<\/h2>\n
Nun wollen wir mal von einer echten Eth. Adresse (meine buy me a Coffee Adresse 0x829F9e57c29ab683E964c76160B7B0BaB2727dD2) den Kontostand abfragen. Wenn es eine Fehlermeldung gibt, ist evl. die Syncronisation noch nicht abgeschlossen.<\/p>\n
\r\n\r\neth.getBalance('0x829F9e57c29ab683E964c76160B7B0BaB2727dD2')\r\n\r\n# Ergebnis\r\n4517710000000000<\/pre>\n
Wer will, kann auf diese Adresse auch etwas f\u00fcr Kaffee \u00fcberweisen, und dann checken ob der Betrag sich ver\u00e4ndert hat.<\/p>\n
Kontostand per curl und RPC Call<\/h2>\n
Nun noch den Kontostand per RPC von einer anderen Konsole von meiner Kaffee Adresse: 0x829F9e57c29ab683E964c76160B7B0BaB2727dD2:<\/p>\n
\r\n\r\ncurl -X POST http:\/\/localhost:8545 -H \"Content-Type: application\/json\" --data '{\"jsonrpc\":\"2.0\", \"method\":\"eth_getBalance\", \"params\" : [\"0x829F9e57c29ab683E964c76160B7B0BaB2727dD2\",\"latest\"], \"id\":1}'<\/pre>\n
Das JSon Ergebnis:<\/p>\n
{\"jsonrpc\":\"2.0\",\"id\":1,\"result\":\"0x100cd553bf8c00\"}<\/pre>\n
Das ist der Kontostand in Hexadecimal und WEI. Wenn man ETH braucht, muss es in Dezimal konvertiert werden und durch 10 hoch 18 geteilt werden.<\/p>\n
Node im Hintergrund starten<\/h1>\n
Damit wir das Konsolenfenster nicht immer offenhalten m\u00fcssen, starten wir den Node im Hintergrund mit<\/p>\n
\r\nnohup geth --syncmode light --cache 64 --maxpeers 12 --http &\r\n<\/pre>\n
Der Output landet dann in der nohup.out Datei und kann mit<\/p>\n
tail -f nohup.out<\/pre>\n
angeschaut werden.<\/p>\n
Node autom. als systemctl starten<\/h1>\n
Optional kann auch ein System-Dienst eingerichtet werden, der dann automatisch beim rebooten startet.
\nDazu einfach die Datei<\/p>\n
sudo vi \/etc\/systemd\/system\/geth@.service<\/pre>\n
mit diesen Inhalt anlegen:<\/p>\n
[Unit]\r\nDescription=Ethereum daemon\r\nRequires=network.target\r\n\r\n[Service]\r\nType=simple\r\nUser=%I\r\nExecStart=\/usr\/local\/bin\/geth --syncmode light --cache 64 --maxpeers 12 --http\r\nRestart=on-failure\r\n\r\n[Install]\r\nWantedBy=multi-user.target<\/pre>\n
Dann noch den Service anschalten mit:<\/p>\n
sudo systemctl enable geth@pi.service\r\nsudo systemctl start geth@pi.service\r\n<\/pre>\n
Den Status des Service kann mit<\/p>\n
systemctl status geth@pi<\/pre>\n
abgefragt werden. Z.b.:<\/p>\n
 geth@pi.service - Ethereum daemon\r\n     Loaded: loaded (\/etc\/systemd\/system\/geth@.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)\r\n     Active: active (running) since Tue 2021-12-21 21:12:30 GMT; 7min ago\r\n   Main PID: 245 (geth)\r\n      Tasks: 11 (limit: 415)\r\n        CPU: 2min 18.844s\r\n     CGroup: \/system.slice\/system-geth.slice\/geth@pi.service\r\n             \u2514\u2500245 \/usr\/local\/bin\/geth --syncmode light --cache 64 --maxpeers 12 --http\r\n\r\nDec 21 21:18:41 pi-org geth[245]: INFO [12-21|21:18:41.177] Imported new block headers               count=1  elapsed=95.419ms  number=13,850,942 hash=8a0231..002174\r\nDec 21 21:18:49 pi-org geth[245]: INFO [12-21|21:18:49.132] Looking for peers                        peercount=2 tried=5  static=0\r\nDec 21 21:19:00 pi-org geth[245]: INFO [12-21|21:19:00.342] Looking for peers                        peercount=2 tried=3  static=0\r\nDec 21 21:19:09 pi-org geth[245]: INFO [12-21|21:19:09.918] Imported new block headers               count=1  elapsed=71.264ms  number=13,850,943 hash=1ca6d7..096f4d\r\nDec 21 21:19:11 pi-org geth[245]: INFO [12-21|21:19:11.383] Looking for peers                        peercount=2 tried=8  static=0\r\nDec 21 21:19:18 pi-org geth[245]: INFO [12-21|21:19:18.202] Imported new block headers               count=1  elapsed=76.494ms  number=13,850,944 hash=aeebc7..842833\r\nDec 21 21:19:21 pi-org geth[245]: INFO [12-21|21:19:21.478] Looking for peers                        peercount=2 tried=9  static=0\r\nDec 21 21:19:31 pi-org geth[245]: INFO [12-21|21:19:31.525] Looking for peers                        peercount=2 tried=3  static=0\r\nDec 21 21:19:38 pi-org geth[245]: INFO [12-21|21:19:38.645] Imported new block headers               count=1  elapsed=69.589ms  number=13,850,945 hash=a101b3..de3f52\r\nDec 21 21:19:42 pi-org geth[245]: INFO [12-21|21:19:42.291] Looking for peers                        peercount=2 tried=4  static=0\r\n<\/pre>\n
Starten und Stoppen des Service geht dann als pi User so:<\/p>\n
systemctl stop  geth@pi\r\n==== AUTHENTICATING FOR org.freedesktop.systemd1.manage-units ===\r\nAuthentication is required to stop 'geth@pi.service'.\r\nAuthenticating as: ,,, (pi)\r\nPassword: PI-Passwort\r\n\r\n# Und starten\r\nsystemctl start geth@pi\r\n==== AUTHENTICATING FOR org.freedesktop.systemd1.manage-units ===\r\nAuthentication is required to start 'geth@pi.service'.\r\nAuthenticating as: ,,, (pi)\r\nPassword:PI-Passwort\r\n<\/pre>\n
Weitere Infos<\/h1>\n
Weitere Infos in engl. auf ethereum.org<\/a> oder auch in bezug auf Geth<\/a> und f\u00fcr die JavaScript web3js Konsole<\/a>.<\/p>\n
Oder auch alle Parameter \u00fcber geth –help<\/p>\n
NAME:\r\n   geth - the go-ethereum command line interface\r\n\r\n   Copyright 2013-2021 The go-ethereum Authors\r\n\r\nUSAGE:\r\n   geth [options] [command] [command options] [arguments...]\r\n\r\nVERSION:\r\n   1.10.13-stable-7a0c19f8\r\n\r\nCOMMANDS:\r\n   account                            Manage accounts\r\n   attach                             Start an interactive JavaScript environment (connect to node)\r\n   console                            Start an interactive JavaScript environment\r\n   db                                 Low level database operations\r\n   dump                               Dump a specific block from storage\r\n   dumpconfig                         Show configuration values\r\n   dumpgenesis                        Dumps genesis block JSON configuration to stdout\r\n   export                             Export blockchain into file\r\n   export-preimages                   Export the preimage database into an RLP stream\r\n   import                             Import a blockchain file\r\n   import-preimages                   Import the preimage database from an RLP stream\r\n   init                               Bootstrap and initialize a new genesis block\r\n   js                                 Execute the specified JavaScript files\r\n   license                            Display license information\r\n   makecache                          Generate ethash verification cache (for testing)\r\n   makedag                            Generate ethash mining DAG (for testing)\r\n   removedb                           Remove blockchain and state databases\r\n   show-deprecated-flags              Show flags that have been deprecated\r\n   snapshot                           A set of commands based on the snapshot\r\n   version                            Print version numbers\r\n   version-check                      Checks (online) whether the current version suffers from any known security vulnerabilities\r\n   wallet                             Manage Ethereum presale wallets\r\n   help, h                            Shows a list of commands or help for one command\r\n\r\nETHEREUM OPTIONS:\r\n  --config value                      TOML configuration file\r\n  --datadir value                     Data directory for the databases and keystore (default: \"\/home\/pi\/.ethereum\")\r\n  --datadir.ancient value             Data directory for ancient chain segments (default = inside chaindata)\r\n  --datadir.minfreedisk value         Minimum free disk space in MB, once reached triggers auto shut down (default = --cache.gc converted to MB, 0 = disabled)\r\n  --keystore value                    Directory for the keystore (default = inside the datadir)\r\n  --usb                               Enable monitoring and management of USB hardware wallets\r\n  --pcscdpath value                   Path to the smartcard daemon (pcscd) socket file (default: \"\/run\/pcscd\/pcscd.comm\")\r\n  --networkid value                   Explicitly set network id (integer)(For testnets: use --ropsten, --rinkeby, --goerli instead) (default: 1)\r\n  --mainnet                           Ethereum mainnet\r\n  --goerli                            G\u00f6rli network: pre-configured proof-of-authority test network\r\n  --rinkeby                           Rinkeby network: pre-configured proof-of-authority test network\r\n  --ropsten                           Ropsten network: pre-configured proof-of-work test network\r\n  --sepolia                           Sepolia network: pre-configured proof-of-work test network\r\n  --syncmode value                    Blockchain sync mode (\"fast\", \"full\", \"snap\" or \"light\") (default: snap)\r\n  --exitwhensynced                    Exits after block synchronisation completes\r\n  --gcmode value                      Blockchain garbage collection mode (\"full\", \"archive\") (default: \"full\")\r\n  --txlookuplimit value               Number of recent blocks to maintain transactions index for (default = about one year, 0 = entire chain) (default: 2350000)\r\n  --ethstats value                    Reporting URL of a ethstats service (nodename:secret@host:port)\r\n  --identity value                    Custom node name\r\n  --lightkdf                          Reduce key-derivation RAM & CPU usage at some expense of KDF strength\r\n  --whitelist value                   Comma separated block number-to-hash mappings to enforce (<number>=<hash>)\r\n\r\nLIGHT CLIENT OPTIONS:\r\n  --light.serve value                 Maximum percentage of time allowed for serving LES requests (multi-threaded processing allows values over 100) (default: 0)\r\n  --light.ingress value               Incoming bandwidth limit for serving light clients (kilobytes\/sec, 0 = unlimited) (default: 0)\r\n  --light.egress value                Outgoing bandwidth limit for serving light clients (kilobytes\/sec, 0 = unlimited) (default: 0)\r\n  --light.maxpeers value              Maximum number of light clients to serve, or light servers to attach to (default: 100)\r\n  --ulc.servers value                 List of trusted ultra-light servers\r\n  --ulc.fraction value                Minimum % of trusted ultra-light servers required to announce a new head (default: 75)\r\n  --ulc.onlyannounce                  Ultra light server sends announcements only\r\n  --light.nopruning                   Disable ancient light chain data pruning\r\n  --light.nosyncserve                 Enables serving light clients before syncing\r\n\r\nDEVELOPER CHAIN OPTIONS:\r\n  --dev                               Ephemeral proof-of-authority network with a pre-funded developer account, mining enabled\r\n  --dev.period value                  Block period to use in developer mode (0 = mine only if transaction pending) (default: 0)\r\n  --dev.gaslimit value                Initial block gas limit (default: 11500000)\r\n\r\nETHASH OPTIONS:\r\n  --ethash.cachedir value             Directory to store the ethash verification caches (default = inside the datadir)\r\n  --ethash.cachesinmem value          Number of recent ethash caches to keep in memory (16MB each) (default: 2)\r\n  --ethash.cachesondisk value         Number of recent ethash caches to keep on disk (16MB each) (default: 3)\r\n  --ethash.cacheslockmmap             Lock memory maps of recent ethash caches\r\n  --ethash.dagdir value               Directory to store the ethash mining DAGs (default: \"\/home\/pi\/.ethash\")\r\n  --ethash.dagsinmem value            Number of recent ethash mining DAGs to keep in memory (1+GB each) (default: 1)\r\n  --ethash.dagsondisk value           Number of recent ethash mining DAGs to keep on disk (1+GB each) (default: 2)\r\n  --ethash.dagslockmmap               Lock memory maps for recent ethash mining DAGs\r\n\r\nTRANSACTION POOL OPTIONS:\r\n  --txpool.locals value               Comma separated accounts to treat as locals (no flush, priority inclusion)\r\n  --txpool.nolocals                   Disables price exemptions for locally submitted transactions\r\n  --txpool.journal value              Disk journal for local transaction to survive node restarts (default: \"transactions.rlp\")\r\n  --txpool.rejournal value            Time interval to regenerate the local transaction journal (default: 1h0m0s)\r\n  --txpool.pricelimit value           Minimum gas price limit to enforce for acceptance into the pool (default: 1)\r\n  --txpool.pricebump value            Price bump percentage to replace an already existing transaction (default: 10)\r\n  --txpool.accountslots value         Minimum number of executable transaction slots guaranteed per account (default: 16)\r\n  --txpool.globalslots value          Maximum number of executable transaction slots for all accounts (default: 5120)\r\n  --txpool.accountqueue value         Maximum number of non-executable transaction slots permitted per account (default: 64)\r\n  --txpool.globalqueue value          Maximum number of non-executable transaction slots for all accounts (default: 1024)\r\n  --txpool.lifetime value             Maximum amount of time non-executable transaction are queued (default: 3h0m0s)\r\n\r\nPERFORMANCE TUNING OPTIONS:\r\n  --cache value                       Megabytes of memory allocated to internal caching (default = 4096 mainnet full node, 128 light mode) (default: 1024)\r\n  --cache.database value              Percentage of cache memory allowance to use for database io (default: 50)\r\n  --cache.trie value                  Percentage of cache memory allowance to use for trie caching (default = 15% full mode, 30% archive mode) (default: 15)\r\n  --cache.trie.journal value          Disk journal directory for trie cache to survive node restarts (default: \"triecache\")\r\n  --cache.trie.rejournal value        Time interval to regenerate the trie cache journal (default: 1h0m0s)\r\n  --cache.gc value                    Percentage of cache memory allowance to use for trie pruning (default = 25% full mode, 0% archive mode) (default: 25)\r\n  --cache.snapshot value              Percentage of cache memory allowance to use for snapshot caching (default = 10% full mode, 20% archive mode) (default: 10)\r\n  --cache.noprefetch                  Disable heuristic state prefetch during block import (less CPU and disk IO, more time waiting for data)\r\n  --cache.preimages                   Enable recording the SHA3\/keccak preimages of trie keys\r\n\r\nACCOUNT OPTIONS:\r\n  --unlock value                      Comma separated list of accounts to unlock\r\n  --password value                    Password file to use for non-interactive password input\r\n  --signer value                      External signer (url or path to ipc file)\r\n  --allow-insecure-unlock             Allow insecure account unlocking when account-related RPCs are exposed by http\r\n\r\nAPI AND CONSOLE OPTIONS:\r\n  --ipcdisable                        Disable the IPC-RPC server\r\n  --ipcpath value                     Filename for IPC socket\/pipe within the datadir (explicit paths escape it)\r\n  --http                              Enable the HTTP-RPC server\r\n  --http.addr value                   HTTP-RPC server listening interface (default: \"localhost\")\r\n  --http.port value                   HTTP-RPC server listening port (default: 8545)\r\n  --http.api value                    API's offered over the HTTP-RPC interface\r\n  --http.rpcprefix value              HTTP path path prefix on which JSON-RPC is served. Use '\/' to serve on all paths.\r\n  --http.corsdomain value             Comma separated list of domains from which to accept cross origin requests (browser enforced)\r\n  --http.vhosts value                 Comma separated list of virtual hostnames from which to accept requests (server enforced). Accepts '*' wildcard. (default: \"localhost\")\r\n  --ws                                Enable the WS-RPC server\r\n  --ws.addr value                     WS-RPC server listening interface (default: \"localhost\")\r\n  --ws.port value                     WS-RPC server listening port (default: 8546)\r\n  --ws.api value                      API's offered over the WS-RPC interface\r\n  --ws.rpcprefix value                HTTP path prefix on which JSON-RPC is served. Use '\/' to serve on all paths.\r\n  --ws.origins value                  Origins from which to accept websockets requests\r\n  --graphql                           Enable GraphQL on the HTTP-RPC server. Note that GraphQL can only be started if an HTTP server is started as well.\r\n  --graphql.corsdomain value          Comma separated list of domains from which to accept cross origin requests (browser enforced)\r\n  --graphql.vhosts value              Comma separated list of virtual hostnames from which to accept requests (server enforced). Accepts '*' wildcard. (default: \"localhost\")\r\n  --rpc.gascap value                  Sets a cap on gas that can be used in eth_call\/estimateGas (0=infinite) (default: 50000000)\r\n  --rpc.evmtimeout value              Sets a timeout used for eth_call (0=infinite) (default: 5s)\r\n  --rpc.txfeecap value                Sets a cap on transaction fee (in ether) that can be sent via the RPC APIs (0 = no cap) (default: 1)\r\n  --rpc.allow-unprotected-txs         Allow for unprotected (non EIP155 signed) transactions to be submitted via RPC\r\n  --jspath loadScript                 JavaScript root path for loadScript (default: \".\")\r\n  --exec value                        Execute JavaScript statement\r\n  --preload value                     Comma separated list of JavaScript files to preload into the console\r\n\r\nNETWORKING OPTIONS:\r\n  --bootnodes value                   Comma separated enode URLs for P2P discovery bootstrap\r\n  --discovery.dns value               Sets DNS discovery entry points (use \"\" to disable DNS)\r\n  --port value                        Network listening port (default: 30303)\r\n  --maxpeers value                    Maximum number of network peers (network disabled if set to 0) (default: 50)\r\n  --maxpendpeers value                Maximum number of pending connection attempts (defaults used if set to 0) (default: 0)\r\n  --nat value                         NAT port mapping mechanism (any|none|upnp|pmp|extip:<IP>) (default: \"any\")\r\n  --nodiscover                        Disables the peer discovery mechanism (manual peer addition)\r\n  --v5disc                            Enables the experimental RLPx V5 (Topic Discovery) mechanism\r\n  --netrestrict value                 Restricts network communication to the given IP networks (CIDR masks)\r\n  --nodekey value                     P2P node key file\r\n  --nodekeyhex value                  P2P node key as hex (for testing)\r\n\r\nMINER OPTIONS:\r\n  --mine                              Enable mining\r\n  --miner.threads value               Number of CPU threads to use for mining (default: 0)\r\n  --miner.notify value                Comma separated HTTP URL list to notify of new work packages\r\n  --miner.notify.full                 Notify with pending block headers instead of work packages\r\n  --miner.gasprice value              Minimum gas price for mining a transaction (default: 1000000000)\r\n  --miner.gaslimit value              Target gas ceiling for mined blocks (default: 8000000)\r\n  --miner.etherbase value             Public address for block mining rewards (default = first account) (default: \"0\")\r\n  --miner.extradata value             Block extra data set by the miner (default = client version)\r\n  --miner.recommit value              Time interval to recreate the block being mined (default: 3s)\r\n  --miner.noverify                    Disable remote sealing verification\r\n\r\nGAS PRICE ORACLE OPTIONS:\r\n  --gpo.blocks value                  Number of recent blocks to check for gas prices (default: 20)\r\n  --gpo.percentile value              Suggested gas price is the given percentile of a set of recent transaction gas prices (default: 60)\r\n  --gpo.maxprice value                Maximum transaction priority fee (or gasprice before London fork) to be recommended by gpo (default: 500000000000)\r\n  --gpo.ignoreprice value             Gas price below which gpo will ignore transactions (default: 2)\r\n\r\nVIRTUAL MACHINE OPTIONS:\r\n  --vmdebug                           Record information useful for VM and contract debugging\r\n\r\nLOGGING AND DEBUGGING OPTIONS:\r\n  --fakepow                           Disables proof-of-work verification\r\n  --nocompaction                      Disables db compaction after import\r\n  --verbosity value                   Logging verbosity: 0=silent, 1=error, 2=warn, 3=info, 4=debug, 5=detail (default: 3)\r\n  --vmodule value                     Per-module verbosity: comma-separated list of <pattern>=<level> (e.g. eth\/*=5,p2p=4)\r\n  --log.json                          Format logs with JSON\r\n  --log.backtrace value               Request a stack trace at a specific logging statement (e.g. \"block.go:271\")\r\n  --log.debug                         Prepends log messages with call-site location (file and line number)\r\n  --pprof                             Enable the pprof HTTP server\r\n  --pprof.addr value                  pprof HTTP server listening interface (default: \"127.0.0.1\")\r\n  --pprof.port value                  pprof HTTP server listening port (default: 6060)\r\n  --pprof.memprofilerate value        Turn on memory profiling with the given rate (default: 524288)\r\n  --pprof.blockprofilerate value      Turn on block profiling with the given rate (default: 0)\r\n  --pprof.cpuprofile value            Write CPU profile to the given file\r\n  --trace value                       Write execution trace to the given file\r\n\r\nMETRICS AND STATS OPTIONS:\r\n  --metrics                              Enable metrics collection and reporting\r\n  --metrics.expensive                    Enable expensive metrics collection and reporting\r\n  --metrics.addr value                   Enable stand-alone metrics HTTP server listening interface (default: \"127.0.0.1\")\r\n  --metrics.port value                   Metrics HTTP server listening port (default: 6060)\r\n  --metrics.influxdb                     Enable metrics export\/push to an external InfluxDB database\r\n  --metrics.influxdb.endpoint value      InfluxDB API endpoint to report metrics to (default: \"http:\/\/localhost:8086\")\r\n  --metrics.influxdb.database value      InfluxDB database name to push reported metrics to (default: \"geth\")\r\n  --metrics.influxdb.username value      Username to authorize access to the database (default: \"test\")\r\n  --metrics.influxdb.password value      Password to authorize access to the database (default: \"test\")\r\n  --metrics.influxdb.tags value          Comma-separated InfluxDB tags (key\/values) attached to all measurements (default: \"host=localhost\")\r\n  --metrics.influxdbv2                   Enable metrics export\/push to an external InfluxDB v2 database\r\n  --metrics.influxdb.token value         Token to authorize access to the database (v2 only) (default: \"test\")\r\n  --metrics.influxdb.bucket value        InfluxDB bucket name to push reported metrics to (v2 only) (default: \"geth\")\r\n  --metrics.influxdb.organization value  InfluxDB organization name (v2 only) (default: \"geth\")\r\n\r\nALIASED (deprecated) OPTIONS:\r\n  --nousb                             Disables monitoring for and managing USB hardware wallets (deprecated)\r\n\r\nMISC OPTIONS:\r\n  --snapshot                          Enables snapshot-database mode (default = enable)\r\n  --bloomfilter.size value            Megabytes of memory allocated to bloom-filter for pruning (default: 2048)\r\n  --help, -h                          show help\r\n  --catalyst                          Catalyst mode (eth2 integration testing)\r\n  --override.arrowglacier value       Manually specify Arrow Glacier fork-block, overriding the bundled setting (default: 0)\r\n\r\n\r\nCOPYRIGHT:\r\n   Copyright 2013-2021 The go-ethereum Authors<\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Ein Node ist ein Computer, der Teil des Ethereum-Netzwerkes ist. Dieser speichert entweder eine unvollst\u00e4ndige (Light Client, (Downloads all block headers, block data, and verifies some randomly)) oder vollst\u00e4ndige (Full Node ( Downloads all blocks (including headers, transactions, and receipts) and generates the state of the blockchain incrementally by executing every block)) Kopie der Blockchain … <\/p>\n
\u201eEthereum Light Node mit Geth Far Rim in go auf Debian Bullseye Raspberry Pi\u201c <\/span>weiterlesen<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[220,5027,4606,5037,1023,4102],"tags":[3496,4990,5138,2475,5137,2190],"class_list":["post-18844","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-anleitung","category-blockchain","category-crypto","category-ethereum","category-raspberry-pi","category-raspberry-pi-b","tag-blockchain","tag-eth","tag-far-rim","tag-node","tag-node-debian-raspberry-pi","tag-raspberry-pi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/blog.wenzlaff.de\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18844","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/blog.wenzlaff.de\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/blog.wenzlaff.de\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/blog.wenzlaff.de\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/blog.wenzlaff.de\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=18844"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/blog.wenzlaff.de\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18844\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/blog.wenzlaff.de\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=18844"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/blog.wenzlaff.de\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=18844"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/blog.wenzlaff.de\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=18844"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}